Ay saamaysay heerka kulul ee suuqa baabuurta korontada,baytariyada lithium-ion, sida mid ka mid ah qaybaha asaasiga ah ee gawaarida korontada, ayaa si weyn loo adkeeyay.Dadka waxaa ka go'an inay horumariyaan nolol dheer, awood sare, badqabka lithium-ion baytari wanaagsan.iyaga ka mid ah, attenuation eebaytari lithium-ionAwooddu waa mid aad u mudan in qof kastaa fiiro gaar ah u yeesho, kaliya faham buuxa oo ku saabsan sababaha hoos u dhaca baytariyada lithium-ion ama habka, si ay u awoodaan in ay qoraan daawada saxda ah si ay u xaliyaan dhibaatada, in awoodda baytariyada lithium-ion sababta dhimis?
Sababaha hoos u dhaca awoodda baytariyada lithium-ion
1.Waxyaabaha elektaroonigga ah ee togan
LiCoO2 waa mid ka mid ah agabka cathode ee inta badan la isticmaalo (Qaybta 3C si weyn ayaa loo isticmaalaa, baytariyada korantaduna asal ahaan waxay wataan ternary iyo phosphate iron lithium).Marka tirada wareegyada ay kordho, luminta ions lithium firfircoon ayaa wax badan ku kordhinaysa awoodda qudhunka.Ka dib wareegyada 200, LiCoO2 ma aysan marin marxalad kala-guur ah, laakiin beddelka qaab-dhismeedka lamellar, taasoo horseedaysa dhibaatooyin Li+ de-gelinta.
LiFePO4 waxay leedahay xasillooni qaabdhismeed oo wanaagsan, laakiin Fe3 + ee anode-ku wuu milmaa oo wuxuu yareeyaa birta Fe ee garaafyada garaafyada, taasoo keentay kororka anode-ka.Guud ahaan kala dirida Fe3+ waxaa ka hortagaya dahaarka qaybaha LiFePO4 ama doorashada elektrolytka.
Qalabka ternary NCM ① Iions biraha ku-meel-gaadhka ah ee ku-meel-gaadhka ah ee birta oxide cathode waa sahlan tahay in lagu milmo heerkul sare, sidaas darteed ku sii daaya korantada ama ku dhejinta dhinaca taban ee keenaya hoos u dhaca awoodda;② Marka danabku uu ka sarreeyo 4.4V vs. Li +/ Li, isbeddelka qaabdhismeedka walxaha ternary wuxuu keenaa hoos u dhaca awoodda;③ Li-Ni safaf isku dhafan, taasoo horseedaysa xannibaadda kanaalada Li+.
Sababaha ugu waaweyn ee hoos u dhaca awoodda baytariyada lithium-ion-ku-saleysan ee LiMnO4 waa 1. weji aan la beddeli karin ama isbeddel qaabdhismeed, sida aberration-ka Jahn-Teller;iyo 2. Kala dirida Mn ee elektrolytka (joogitaanka HF ee elektrolytka), falcelinta isdhaafsiga, ama hoos u dhaca anode-ka.
2.Alaabada korantada xun
Jiilka roobabka lithium ee dhinaca anode ee graphite (qayb ka mid ah lithiumku waxay noqotaa "lithium dhintay" ama waxay abuurtaa dendrites lithium), heerkulka hooseeya, faafinta lithium ion waxay si fudud hoos ugu dhigtaa taasoo keenta roobab lithium, iyo roobab lithium ah ayaa sidoo kale u nugul inay dhacaan. marka saamiga N/P uu aad u hooseeyo.
Burburinta soo noqnoqda iyo koritaanka filimka SEI ee dhinaca anode waxay keenaysaa hoos u dhaca lithium iyo kororka polarization.
Habka soo noqnoqda ee lithium-ku-xidhka / de-lithium-ka saarista ee anode-ku-saleysan silikoon waxay si fudud u horseedi kartaa fidinta mugga iyo dillaaca jajabka qaybaha silikoon.Sidaa darteed, silikoon anode, waxaa si gaar ah muhiim u ah in la helo hab lagu joojiyo ballaarinta mugga.
3.Electrolyte
Waxyaabaha ku jira electrolyte-ka ee gacan ka geysta hoos u dhaca awooddabaytariyada lithium-ionwaxaa ka mid ah:
1. Burburinta dareerayaasha iyo electrolytes (fashil halis ah ama dhibaatooyinka badbaadada sida wax soo saarka gaaska), loogu talagalay dareerayaasha organic, marka awoodda oksaydhisku ay ka weyn tahay 5V vs. Li +/ Li ama hoos u dhigista ka hooseeya 0.8V (kala duwanaanshaha korantada kala duwanaanta kala duwan), fududahay in la dumiyo.Wixii elektrolytka ah (tusaale LiPF6), way fududahay in lagu dumiyo heerkulka sare (ka sarreeya 55 ℃) xasilloonida liidata awgeed;
2. Marka tirada wareegyada korodho, falcelinta u dhexeeya electrolyte iyo electrodes togan iyo taban kordho, taasoo ka dhigaysa awoodda wareejinta tirada daciif.
4.Diaphragm
Diaphragm-ku wuxuu xannibi karaa elektaroonnada wuxuuna buuxin karaa gudbinta ions.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, awoodda diaphragm si ay u qaado Li + waa la dhimay marka godadka diaphragm ay xannibaan alaabada qudhunka ee electrolyte, iwm, ama marka diaphragm hoos u dhaco heerkulka sare, ama marka diaphragm da'da.Intaa waxaa dheer, samaynta lithium dendrites oo ka daloosha diaphragm ee u horseedaysa wareegga gaaban ee gudaha waa sababta ugu weyn ee fashilkeeda.
5. Ururinta dareeraha
Sababta lumitaanka awoodda ay sabab u tahay ururiyaha guud ahaan waa daxalka ururiyaha.Copper waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida ururiyaha taban sababtoo ah way fududahay in oksidize awood sare leh, halka aluminium loo isticmaalo sida ururiyaha togan sababtoo ah way fududahay in la sameeyo aluminium lithium-aluminium ah oo leh lithium awood yar.Hoosta danab hooseeya (sida ugu hooseeya 1.5V iyo ka hooseeya, qulqulka xad-dhaafka ah), copper oxidizes ilaa Cu2+ ee korantada iyo kaydinta dusha sare ee korantada taban, taas oo caqabad ku ah de-gelinta lithium, taasoo keentay hoos u dhaca awoodda.Iyo dhinaca togan, xad-dhaafka ah eebaytariwaxay sababtaa godad ururiyaha aluminiumka, taas oo keenta kororka caabbinta gudaha iyo hoos u dhaca awoodda.
6. Kharashka iyo dheecaanka arrimaha
Kharashka xad-dhaafka ah iyo sii-deynta badan waxay u horseedi kartaa hoos u dhigidda awoodda baytariyada lithium-ion.Kordhinta kharashka / soo daynta batteriga waxay ka dhigan tahay in xannibaadda polarization ee batteriga ay u korodho si waafaqsan, taasoo keenta hoos u dhaca awoodda.Intaa waxaa dheer, walbahaarka faafinta-faafinta ee ay keento ku dallacaadda iyo ku shubista heerarka taranka sare waxay keenaysaa luminta walxaha firfircoon ee cathode iyo dardargelinta gabowga batteriga.
Marka la eego batariyada xad-dhaafka ah iyo dallacaadda xad-dhaafka ah, korantada taban waxay u nugul tahay roobka lithium, korantada togan ee habka saarista lithium-ka ee xad-dhaafka ah ayaa burbura, iyo burburka oksijiinta ee korantada (dhacdooyinka badeecadaha iyo soosaarka gaaska) waa la dedejiyey.Marka batteriga si xad dhaaf ah loo sii daayo, bireedyada naxaasta ah waxay u egtahay inay milaan (hortageysa in lithium de-embedding, ama si toos ah u dhalisa dendrites copper), taasoo keenta hoos u dhigista awoodda ama batteriga oo xumaada.
Daraasadaha istiraatijiyadda ee dallacaadda ayaa muujiyay in marka korantada goyntu ay tahay 4V, in si habboon loo yareeyo dallacaadda goynta danabka ah (tusaale, 3.95V) ay wanaajin karto nolosha meertada batteriga.Waxa kale oo la muujiyey in ku dallacaadda degdega ah ee baytari ilaa 100% SOC ay ka dhaqso badan tahay ku dallacaadda 80% SOC.Intaa waxaa dheer, Li et al.Waxaa la ogaaday in inkasta oo garaaca wadnaha uu hagaajin karo waxtarka dallacaadda, caabbinta gudaha ee batteriga ayaa si weyn u kici doonta, luminta walxaha firfircoon ee korantada taban waa mid halis ah.
7. Heer kulka
Saamaynta heerkulka ee awooddabaytariyada lithium-ionsidoo kale waa mid aad muhiim u ah.Marka lagu shaqeynayo heerkul sare muddo dheer, waxaa kor u kacaya falcelinta dhinaca batteriga ah (tusaale, kala-go'a korantada), taasoo keenaysa lumitaanka awoodda.Markaad ku shaqeyneyso heerkulka hoose ee wakhti dheer, wadarta isugeynta batteriga ayaa kordheysa (korontada korantada ayaa hoos u dhacda, kororka SEI, iyo heerka falcelinta elektiroonigga ah ayaa hoos u dhacaya), roobka lithium ee batteriga ayaa u nugul inuu dhaco.
Tan sare waa sababta ugu weyn ee hoos u dhaca awoodda baytariyada lithium-ion, iyada oo loo marayo hordhaca sare waxaan aaminsanahay inaad fahantay sababaha hoos u dhaca awoodda baytariyada lithium-ion.
Waqtiga boostada: Jul-24-2023